ANGKOR WAT

ANGKOR WAT

Its proper name is = Prasat Angkor Wat

Located in Cambodia

~Its is built for the king Suryavarman II in the early 12th century

~ Designed to represent Mount Meru, home of the deva's in Hindu mythology

~Oriented in west

~ Centred at Baphuon. Its in area where there is an important group of ancient structure.

~ Admires for the harmony of the architecture which extensive bas-relief and for the numerous devatas (guardian spirit) of adorning its walls.

 

The picture above are the plan of the Angkor Wat

~ The central quincunx of the tower represent - 5 peaks of the mountain

and the wall and moat the surrounding mountain ranges and ocean.

~ The upper level of the temple are encouraging as an exclusive with the laity being admitted only to the lowest level

~Oriented to west because - to conclude that Suryavarman intended it to serve as his funery temple.

~ The main building material are - SANDSTONE 

~ Laterite was used for the outer wall and for the hidden structural parts

Elements Characteristics

~the ogival -redented towers shaped like lotus buds

~half galleries to broaden passageways

~axial galleries connecting enclosures

~the cruciform terraces which appear along the main axis of the temple.

Typical Decorative Elements

~~devatas, bas-reliefs , and on pediments extensive garlands and narrative scene

Techniques of Construction

~ The material stone is used to laid down without mortar to join but replace it with a very tight joints that were sometimes hard to find

~The blocks material are put in a place in a composition of elephants, coir ropes, pulleys and bamboo scaffolding

~ Virtually, all of its surfaces, columns, lintels and even their roofs are carved

~ There are miles of their relief illustrated frim the Indian Literature that include;

*unicorns

*griffins

*winged dragon pulling chariots as well as warriors following an elephant mounted leader 

*celestial dancing girls with elaborate hair styles

DOUGONG

Dougong represent as China’s most unique structural element of the interlocking brackets.

Dougong used as for roof structure that joining the pillar and the column through the frame of the roof.

The composition and the shape of the wooden of the dougong is really neat until it is born into something strength structure of the roof design.
The higher the amount of the dougong, the higher its strength, which can allows the structures to be elastic and withstand damage from earthquakes.
 The complication of the composition can manage to supports essential to the timber frame structure of traditional Chinese building because of these walls in these structure are not load-bearing.

The function of the dougong is to provide increased support for the weight of the horizontal beams that span the vertical columns by transferring the weight on horizontal beams over a larger area to the vertical column. ( Just same as the concept transferring load by the frame structure, I guess) 

 

•Multiple Dou Gong made these structures very earthquake-resistant.

•It can hold the wood structure together even though brick walls would collapse in the same earthquake.

•This system helped ancient buildings to survived for a long time.

It can be found at;

~It placed between the top of a column and cross beam.

~Can be found only in the most magnificent buildings such as palace and temple halls.

~The number of layers of these bracket structures depended on the importance of the buildings.

MANDALA

According to my reading at the web, mandala is meant is Sanskrit as a ‘circle’

It is

~ used for Hindu and Buddhist religion tradition. The shape is square with 4 gates at the center point each side of the square

~The gates are guarded by four angry doorkeepers( so that only the rightful disciples can get through)

~ The four circles on the Mandala represent as the enlightenment. Which is the meditationg person must gain before she can enter the illuminated palace (belief)

            ~four circles

                        ~fire of wisdom – the outermost of the circle which include ‘purifying fire’

                        ~vajra circle – the diamond circle which means as ‘strength and fearlessness’

                        ~tombs – 8 tombs smbolises 8 states of consciousness. ‘ which the person must go beyond.

                        ~lotus circle – express the open state of the devotion, compulsory to enter the palace

~symbolises the original crystalline purity when it is connected with the Buddha Vajrasattva.

~If  you can see at the center of the shape is a lotus blossom with 8 petals.

~Each petals representing as symbolic deities ; 4 female and 4 male.

~The lotus itself used as a symbol of the teaching of Buddha. The plant standing with the roots in the mud, yet raising its blossom towards the light. So that you can be like :

            ~ right beliefs

            ~right speech

            ~right effort

            ~right thinking

and others which mostly will lead you into the positive way 

Colour symbolises of the Mandala

~White - Vairocana: The delusion of ignorance becomes the wisdom of reality.

~Yellow - Ratnasambhava: The delusion of pride becomes the wisdom of sameness.

~Red - Amitabha: The delusion of attachment becomes the wisdom of discernment.

~Green - Amoghasiddhi: The delusion of jealousy becomes the wisdom of accomplishment. 

~Blue - Akshobhya: The delusion of anger becomes the mirror like wisdom.

MINANGKABAU / RUMAH GADANG

 

Rumah Gadang isthe traditional house of Minangkabau

Background and Characteristics

~ All of the construction, architecture, internal and external decoration and the function of the house is reflected with the cultures and values of the Minangkabau

~This house is serve as a residence and as a hall for family meeting and activities of ceremonial.

~The arrangement of the rooms inside the house is seen as a reflection of a woman's life pattern.

~ Long house with a rectangular plan. 

~ Have tiered projections each of it varying floor levels.

~Largely constructed by wood

Elements of Rumah Gadang ;

~ Gonjong - hornlike roof structure

~Singkok - triangular wall under the ends of gonjong

~Pereng - shelf under the singkok

~Anjuang - raised floor at the end of one style of rumah gadang

~ Dindiang ari - the walls on the side elevations

~ Dindiang tapi - the walls on the front and back elevations

~ Papan banyak - front facade

~ Papan sakapiang - a shelf middle band on the periphery of the house

~ Salangko - wall enclosing space under a house that has been built on stilts

ROOF STRUCTURE

~it havea curved roof structure with a multi-tiered and upswept gables.

~the upward-curved finials which is known as gonjong on the peaks of teh roof, said to represent buffalo horns, represented reaching to heaven.

~covered with thatch from the fiber of the sugar palm (ijuk) which is known as the toughest thatch material available and is said to last a hundred years

~Buffalo horns ( from an illusions to a legend concerning a battle between two water buffaloes from which the 'Minangkabau' name is thought to have been derived)

~Many small battens and rafters is built uo for the roof peaks

BOROBUDUR TEMPLE

Location 

~In Yogyakarta. Located in an elevated area between 2 volcanoes ;

~Sundoro-Sumbing and Merbabu-Merapi 

and the two rivers;

-Progo and Elo

Background of Borobudur Temple

~ One of the greatest monuments found in the world

~ It is also the biggest buddhist temple in the 9th Century

~ Built by KIng Samaratungga, one of the kings of Old Mataram Kingdom.

~ The construction of this temple has been estimated to be done around 75 years to be completed

 

The Architectural Styles ;

~ Buikt by a single large stupa. As you can see in this picture below, it is viewed from above of the temple, it takes the form of a giant tantric Buddhist mandala.

~ Foundation - Square

~ Has 9 platforms ;

* Lower six platform are square

*Upper three platform are circular

~ The large central of stupa is surrounded by 72 small stupa.

~ Each of the stupa is in a bell-shaped and pierced with various decorative opening.

~ Currently built on a natural hill

~ Technique of the design same as other temples in Java, such as

*no inner space as in other temples

*general design similar to the shape of the pyramid.

TRIANGGA

~ triangga is actually a division space or area in the designing the traditional Bali of ‘arsitektur’

~ there are 3 main space division ,

1)      Main , a space for a higher place or position of a person / the leader , ie;  king, or a place for king. Include a luxury villa.

2)      Madya , at the center, allocated for  a standard villa building  and for public. Ie; main swimming pool

3)      Nista , the lowest part , allocated for a building which function as services and as welcoming the guest. Most of it are area for executive counselor, receptionist, carvemen. Service space,  ie; kitchen and other building that function as a service.

I , Me , Myself

18 January 1991, the date where I was born in Johor. 15 years in Johor, then ,my family plan to moved to Kuala Lumpur. Really missed johor, so many sweet memory that I had in there.

Currently stay at bdr sri damansara, kuala lumpur for about more than 4 years I guess. The youngest from 6 siblings. Very closed to her family so much. Whenever I go, my mom and sister always company me. Slightly different in here (Perak) , a place where I should learn myself bein away with them :’( . failed to blend it at first time, but as time goes by, and now im in the third sem in here (UITM) , I can blend it slowly. Learning in architecture’s course make my family proud of me, but its actually not quite an easy course for me. Ya, of course whatever subject we study, we need a lot of work , effort and passion on doing it. Same as architecture, we need more and more effort and passion in designing ‘something’.

Im  a kind of person hard to be mad at people. Sometime if I mad with someone, I will talk alone with myself, crying without no one knows. I loved to kept secret rather than sharing with others.